Internal and External Factors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Internal and External Factors - Essay Example In order to understand the importance of management functions, it is vital to consider a specific organization in today’s business environment. The organization of choice is Walmart. This organization operates retail stores around the world. Retail markets are dynamic in nature, an aspect that makes it essential to examine how management in this organization undertakes its functions. On the same note, the fact that Walmart operates retail stores globally makes management a critical factor in the global business setting. Planning is the first major function of management. The formulation and realization of an organization’s goals depend on this role of management. In Walmart, planning encompasses the process of strategizing on how to achieve the firm’s short-term and long-term goals. The successful positioning of the retailer in both domestic and international markets is driven by the implementation of strategies that inform the realization of the set goals. The management decides on their retailing approach and the best ways to meet consumer needs. In this respect, planning is an ongoing practice that requires change or alterations if need be. In planning, Walmart’s management engages vibrant advertising and feedback collection practices that solely focus on the customer. This practice takes into account the firm’s marketing, sales, and supply chain management needs. In addition, the organization runs promotional projects that seek to capture consumer attention and convince them to buy. In essence, planning seeks to mobilize organizational processes and strategies that best address the goals and objectives set by the organization. The management cannot achieve the desired organizational outcomes without being organized. In the organizational context, organizing encompasses the mobilization of resources and personnel to ensure that the firm remains in the right business path. Organizing requires the management to allocate

International Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

International Management - Essay Example What is a trade policy? It has been described as a government tool used to encourage or restrict import and export. These tools may be in form of tariffs, quotas and voluntary export restraint. There are also domestic mandatory regulations requiring for adoption to health and safety standards. The domestic mandatory regulations are done to encourage or discourage bringing of goods and services to the domestic economy. Another trading tool to encourage export production done by the government is paying of subsidy of certain products, such as subsidy to farming production. Subsidy to sugar production is common in the United States. Trade policies should also be negotiated in bilateral agreements as this will form part of the nation’s obligations and national policies. Antigua-Barbuda is a small country comprising of 442 square kilometers (171 square miles). For a clear idea of size, it is twice and a half the size of Washington D.C. It has an English speaking population of 74,097, has a workforce of 30,000 working for commerce and service, agriculture and other industry. Unemployment rate as of 2006 is 13%. (US Dept. of State. 2009) This policy has transformed the current level of export and importations of the country. It could be seen from Chart 1 below that exports have increased from US$400m in 2000-01 to US$600m in 2005-06, while the level of imports remain the same for the specified years. Country’s exports to Italy, Germany, Poland and Singapore consist of food, manufacturing, machines and petroleum products. Imported items are food, machines, chemicals and oil coming from China, Germany, Singapore and US. (Economy Watch) 3. Antigua-Barbuda’s trade policy. This part of the study will provide information on the national trade policy, information on agreements, regulations, standards and investment climate of

Cryonics On The Way Raising The Dead Philosophy Essay

Cryonics On The Way Raising The Dead Philosophy Essay Today technology plays a vital role in every aspect of life. Increasing standards in technology in many fields has been taken man today to high esteem. But the present available technologies are unable to interact with atoms, such a minute particles. Hence nanotechnology is used in this context. Nanotechnology is nothing but a technology which uses atoms with a view to creating desired product. It has wider application in all fields, the important application is CRYONICS. Cryonics is nothing but an attempt of raising the dead making them alive. In this technical paper we would like to present how the process of cryonics goes on and why nanotechnology is being used and description of molecular machines which has the capability of repairing damaged cells and its effect on Culture, Health, and Longevity. And we also present the philosophical and ethical considerations of cryonics and benefits of supporting cryonics society. Cryonics is an area in which most of the work is to be done in the future. INTRODUCING CRYONICS: Cryonics is nothing but an attempt of raising the dead- making them alive. Actually the word cryonics is the practice of freezing a dead body in hopes of someday reviving it. A cryonics is the practice of cooling the people immediately after death to the point where the molecular physical decay completely stops, in the expectation that scientific and medical procedures currently being developed will be able to revive them and restore them to good health later. A patient held in such a state is said to be in cryonic suspension. There is reason to believe that current cryonics procedures can preserve the anatomical basis of mind. Cryonics works became more effective with the implementation of nanotechnology in it. PREMISES OF CRYONICS: The central premise of cryonics is that memory, personality, and identity is stored in cellular structures and chemistry, principally in the brain. While this view is widely accepted in medicine, and brain activity is known to stop and later resume under certain conditions, it is not generally accepted that current methods preserve the brain well enough to permit revival in the future. Cryonics advocates point to studies showing that high concentrations of cryoprotectant circulated through the brain before cooling can prevent structural damage from ice, preserving the fine cell structures of the brain in which memory and identity presumably reside. HISTORY: The first mention of nano technology occurred in a talk given by Richard Feynman in 1959, entitled. Historically cryonics began in 1962 with the publication of THE PROSPECT OF IMMORTALITY Referred by Robert Ettinger, a founder and the first president of CRYONICS INSTITUTE. However, the modern era of cryonics began in 1962 when Michigan College physics teacher Robert Ettinger proposed in a privately published book, The Prospect of Immortality that freezing people may be a way to reach future medical technology. Even though freezing a person is apparently fatal, Ettinger argued that what appears to be fatal today may be reversible in the future. NEUROPRESERVATION: Neuropreservation is cryopreservation of the brain, often within the head, with surgical removal and disposal (usually cremation) of the rest of the body. Neuropreservation, sometimes called neuro, is one of two distinct preservation options in cryonics, the other being whole body preservation. In some Neuropreservation cases, only the brain is cryopreserved. Neuropreservation is motivated by the brains role as the primary repository of memory and personal identity. The advantages and disadvantages of Neuropreservation are often debated among cryonics advocates. Critics of Neuropreservation note that the body is a record of much life experience, including learned motor skills (muscle memory). While few cryonicists doubt that a revived neuro patient would be the same person, there are wider questions about how a regenerated body might feel different from the original. Partly for these reasons (as well as for better public relations), the Cryonics Institute preserves only whole bodies. About three-quarters of the patients stored at Alcor are Neuropreservation patients. CRYONICS AND NANO TECHNOLOGY: 1. Why only nanotechnology is used in cryonics: Biological systems and molecules have a number of attributes that make them highly suitable for nanotechnology applications. Remote control of DNA has proved that electronics can interact with biology. Gap between electronics and biology is now closing. The key to Cryonics eventual success success is nanotechnology, manipulating materials on an atomic or molecular scale, according to most techniques who are interested in cryonics suspension. Current medical science does not have the tools to fix damage that occurs at the cellular and molecular level, and damage to these systems is the cause of vast majority of fatal illness. Nanotechnology is the ultimate miniaturization can achieve. A nanometer is equivalent to the width of six bonded carbon atoms. A DNA molecule is 2.5nm wide. Cryonics basically deal with cells, these cells is in order of nanometers. At present there is no any technology which deals with such minute cells. Only nanotechnology can have the ability to deal with such cells. Normally fatal accidents could be walked away from, thanks to range of safety devices possible with nanotechnology. Viruses, prions, parasites and bacteria continue to mutate and produce new diseases. Our natural immune system may, or may not, handles. In theory, a nano cell sentinel could make our body immune to any present or future infectious disease. Fracturing is special concern for new vitrification protocol brought online by Alcor for neuro patients. If advanced nanotechnology is available for patient recovery, then fracturing probably causes little information loss. Fracturing commits cryopatient to the need for molecular repair at cryogenic temperature a highly specialized and advanced form of nanotechnology. Whereas unfractured patients may be able to benefit sooner form simple forms of nanotechnology developed for more main stream medical applications. Damage caused by freezing fracturing is thought to be potentially repairable in future using nanotechnology which will be enable manipulation of matter at the molecular level. REVIVING PATIENTS BY MEANS: 1. MOLECULAR MACHINES: They could revive patients by repairing damaged cells but for making those cell repair machines, we first need to build a molecular assembler. The fundamental purpose of assembler is to position atoms. Robotic arms are other position devices are basically mechanical in nature, and will allow us to position molecular parts during the assembly process. Molecular mechanics provides us with an excellent tool for modeling the behavior of such devices. The second requirement is the ability to make and break bonds at specific sites. While molecular machines provides an excellent tool for telling us where the tip of the assembler arm is located, current force fields are not adequate to model the specific chemical reactions that must then take place at the tip/work piece interface involved in building an atomically precise part. For this higher order sufficient calculations are needed. The methods of computation chemistry available today allow us to model a wide range o f molecular machines with accuracy sufficiently in many cases to determine how well they will work. 2. COMPUTATIONAL NANOTECHNOLOGY: It includes not only the tools and techniques required to model the proposed molecular machines it must also includes the tools required to specify such machines. Molecular machine proposal that would require million or even billions of atoms that have been made. The total atom count of an assembler might be roughly a billion atoms. While commercially available molecular modeling packages provide facilities to specify arbitrary structures it is usually necessary to point and click for each atom involved. This is obviously unattractive for a device as complex as an assembler with its roughly one billion atoms. The software required to design and model complex molecular machine is either already available or can be readily developed over the next few years. The molecular compiler and the other molecular CAD tools needed for this work can be implemented using generally understood techniques and methods from computer science. Using this approach it will be possible to substantially reduce the development time for complex molecular machines. ACTUAL PROCESS OF CRYONICS: The procedure explaining is the practical one how an Alcor patients body is frozen and stored until medical technology can repair the body and revive the patient, or grow a new body for the patient. Patient declared legally dead On way to Alcor in Arizona, blood circulation is maintained and patient is injected with medicine to minimize problems with frozen tissue. Cooling of body begun. (If body needs to be flown, blood is replaced with organ preservatives). At Alcor body is cooled to 5 degrees. Chest opened, blood is replaced with a solution (glycerol, water, and other chemicals) that enters the tissues, pushing out water to reduce ice formation. In 2 to 4 hours, 60% or more of body water is replaced by glycerol. Freezing the body The patient is placed in cold silicone oil, chilling the body to -79oC. Then its moved to an aluminum pod and slowly cooled over 5 days in liquid nitrogen to -196oC (minus 320oFahrenheit), then stored. Actual process starts: After preserving the body for someday, they will start the surgery. As a part of it, they will apply some chemicals like glycerol and some advanced chemicals to activate the cells of the body. By doing so, 0.2% of the cells in the body will be activated. After that they will preserve the body for future applications. .Storage vessels Stainless steel vats formed into a large thermos bottles like container. Wait for up to four bodies weighs about a ton; stands 9 feet tall. CRYONICS AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS: CRYONICS IN SCIENCE FICTION AND IN MOVIES: There are so many science fiction films that feature cryonics that it is hard to know where to begin. Woody Allens Sleeper has always held a particular place of affection in the hearts of cryonics advocates. But most films take it more seriously. CRYONICS AND HEALTH: One of the worlds leading cryonics organizations has observed that the percentage of doctors among its membership is ten times that of the general public. Many in cryonics match their thirst for life in the future with a passion for enhancing life today. Their goal is not to live recklessly and badly now in hopes that future repair can restore what has been abused today. CRYONICS AND LONGEVITY: The fact remains, no matter how much exercise you do or however many vitamins you may take to prolong your life, there comes a point where the human body will break down and eventually Die. A time may be coming when that moment may be pushed back radically, and when good health and freedom from the pain of age and illness are everyones choice. But right now, the choice for a truly extended life comes down to a choice for cryonics. It is certain that new means will be developed in the future to push back aging and sickness. Its also certain that it cant benefit you if youre not there to receive it. Cryonics is an attempt to make sure that you do receive it. That you can reach that future point where the promise of human longevity is fulfilled to its maximum. If longevity matters to you, cryonics matters to you. BENEFITS OF SUPPORTING THE CRYONICS SOCIETY 1. Assistance. 2. Information 3. Action. 4. Meaning. 5. Social Support and Public Outreach 6. A Chance for Life OBSTACLES AGAINST CRYONICS: PRESERVATION INJURY ISCHEMIC INJURY REVAIVAL FINANCIAL ISSUES COURT RULES AGAINST PRESERVING: ETHICAL AND PHYLOSOPHICAL ISSUES: Cryonics is based on a view of dying as a process that can be stopped in the minutes, and perhaps hours, following clinical death. If death is not an event that happens suddenly when the heart stops, this raises philosophical questions about what exactly death is. Ethical and theological opinions of cryonics tend to pivot on the issue of whether cryonics is regarded as interment or medicine. FUTURE HOPES OF CRYONICS: With the knowledge of the cryonics, cryonists are preserving the brains of humans. We know that each person alive today was once a single cell and a complete human being can be grown in the natural surface of that brain begins a process of growth and development that perhaps appends to the brain a complete young adult body. State. Thus they believe that genetic programming of a single cell on the surface of that brain begins a process of growth and development that perhaps CONCLUSION. With the implementation of cryonics one can get back the life. Cryonics is an area in which most of the works is to be done in future until now the concept of this area has been proposed. So, the scientists are making long promises and greater hopes of the Cryonics World Your Last Best Chance For Lifeand Your Familys.

Why invest in bonds when there are so many other options? Essay

Why invest in bonds when there are so many other options? Since 1999, the economy has been in a downward trend. The majority of people who had invested in the stock market now known as the great stock bubble or fraud bubble were given a false sense of security and they felt the market would just keep climbing. Were there signs that investors could have looked for to predict the economic downturn? If investors had looked for the signs, maybe they could have changed their direction of investment. This paper will investigate the characteristics of bonds and see if the bond market has proven to be a safe haven for those who were wise enough to invest in it. When the economy is in a downward trend why should more people invest in bonds? A good investment is a timely investment in which people change direction of their portfolio at the beginning of economic swings. The economists monitor timely reports and determine the direction of the economy by tracking ten economic indicators through a select group of economic categories: employment, consumer spending, industrial production and inflation (Updegrave, Ten Indicators). Key items of the Employment Situation Summary focus in on unemployment rate, number of new jobs and help-wanted index. An increase in the number of new jobs and help wanted advertisements suggest a growing or stable economy. Unemployment rate tells the economists where the economy has been, whereas the number of new jobs predicts where the economy is going (Updegrave, p. 2). One important factor in the unemployment rate is that it tells the analyst that the economy has already changed. For example, an increase in the number of unemployed indicates that employers will not meet earnings or expect reduced earnin... ...Strategies. Third Edition. Prentice Hall, NJ, 1996. Noddings, Thomas. The Investor’s Guide to Convertible Bonds. Dow Jones Irwin, Illinois, 1982. Bibliography Belkaoui, Ahmed. Industrial Bonds and the Rating Process. Quorum Books, Westport, Connecticut, 1983. Fabozzi, Frank. Bond Markets, Analysis and Strategies. Third Edition. Prentice Hall, NJ, 1996. Noddings, Thomas. The Investor’s Guide to Convertible Bonds. Dow Jones Irwin, Illinois, 1982. Updegrave, Walter. â€Å"The Economy: Ten Indicators.† CNN Money November 22, 2002 Veale, Stuart R. Bond Yield Analysis: A Guide to Predicting Bond Returns. Prentice Hall, New York Institute of Finance, 1988. CNBC money. Questions and Answers, November 22, 2002.

Gaps model of service quality Essay

The Gaps Model of Service Quality Chapter2-1 2 ï‚ § The Customer Gap – Gap 5 ï‚ § The Provider Gaps: ï‚ § Gap 1 – The Listening Gap ï‚ § not knowing what customers expect ï‚ § Gap 2 – The Design and Standards Gap ï‚ § not having the right service designs and standards ï‚ § Gap 3 – The Performance Gap ï‚ § not delivering to service standards ï‚ § Gap 4 – The Communication Gap ï‚ § not matching performance to promises ï‚ § Putting It All Together: Closing the Gaps McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright  © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Objectives for Chapter 2: The Gaps Model of Service Quality 2-2 ï‚ § Introduce a framework, called the gaps model of service quality, which is used to organize this textbook. ï‚ § Demonstrate that the gaps model is a useful framework for understanding service quality in an organization. ï‚ § Demonstrate that the most critical service quality gap to close is the customer gap, the difference between customer expectations and perceptions. ï‚ § Show that four gaps that occur in companies, which we call provider gaps, are responsible for the customer gap. ï‚ § Identify the factors responsible for each of the four provider gaps. 2-3 The Customer Gap Gap 5 Key Factors Leading to the Customer Gap Customer GapGap 5 2-4 Customer Expectations ï‚ § Provider Gap 1: Not knowing what customers expect ï‚ § Provider Gap 2: Not selecting the right service designs and standards ï‚ § Provider Gap 3: Not delivering to service standards ï‚ § Provider Gap 4: Not matching performance to promises Customer Perceptions 2-5 Gaps Model of Service Quality ï‚ § Customer Gap 5: ï‚ § difference between customer expectations and perceptions ï‚ § Provider Gap 1 (Knowledge Gap): ï‚ § not knowing what customers expect ï‚ § Provider Gap 2 (Service Design & Standards Gap): ï‚ § not having the right service designs and standards ï‚ § Provider Gap 3 (Service Performance Gap): ï‚ § not delivering to service standards ï‚ § Provider Gap 4 (Communication Gap): ï‚ § not matching performance to promises 2-6 Provider Gap 1 CUSTOMER Expected Service Perceived Service COMPANY Gap 1: The Listening Gap Company Perceptions of Consumer Expectations 2-7 Key Factors Leading to Provider Gap 1 2-8 Provider Gap 2 CUSTOMER COMPANY Customer-Driven Service Designs and Standards Gap 2: The Design and Standards Gap Company Perceptions of Consumer Expectations 2-9 Key Factors Leading to Provider Gap 2 2-10 Provider Gap 3 CUSTOMER COMPANY Service Delivery Gap 3:The Performance Gap Customer-Driven Service Designs and Standards 2-11 Key Factors Leading to Provider Gap 3 2-12 Provider Gap 4 CUSTOMER COMPANY Gap 4: The Communication Gap External Service Delivery Communications to Customers 2-13 Key Factors Leading to Provider Gap 4 2-14 Gaps Model of Service Quality 5 Gap 4 Gap 3 Gap 1 Gap 2 2-15 Ways to Use Gap Analysis ï‚ § Overall Strategic Assessment: ï‚ § How are we doing overall in meeting or exceeding customer expectations? ï‚ § How are we doing overall in closing the four company gaps? ï‚ § Which gaps represent our strengths and where are our weaknesses? 2-16 Ways to Use Gap Analysis ï‚ § Specific Service Implementation ï‚ § Who is the customer? What is the service? ï‚ § Are we consistently meeting/exceeding customer expectations with this service? ï‚ § If not, where are the gaps and what changes are needed? (Examine gaps 1-4 for this particular service.)

Application for Admission to a Nursing Course

Right from a very young age I had always been interested in alleviating the pain and suffering of those around me. Irrespective of the fact as to whether the person suffering physically was a member of my family, a neighbor or a classmate, I would rush to offer my help and commiserations. My penchant for helping the sick and suffering even extended to animals and birds. There was a price to be paid for all this and it was the obtention of average grades. I graduated from high school in Washington and my grade point average was 2.90. Afterwards, I obtained a grade point average of 3.00 in the Camden County Community College. I had made some improvement in the community college. In addition to helping the injured and the sick, I allocated some time to running a performance car shop business.After some years of this activity, I realized that this was not my calling. My true calling was the nursing profession and after a great deal of careful analysis and planning I decided to make a mea ningful and legitimate foray into nursing.To this end, I decided to obtain a degree in nursing from the Saint Xavier University. I had realized to my great chagrin that in the absence of proper qualification, it would not be possible to realize my ambition of becoming an effective nurse.The Saint Xavier University or the SXU was founded by the Sisters of Mercy in the year 1846. This university has a reputation for the catholicity of its approach towards individuals hailing from different, ethnic, religious and national backgrounds.The fact that this university is sponsored by the Sisters of Mercy is clearly evident, because the nursing course at this university combines a greater amount of sympathy and empathy in contrast to similar courses offered by other universities.After all compassion has always been the hallmark of the Sisters of Mercy (About SXU, 2007). Thus, my ambition to help the sick and injured will be realized if I get admitted to the nursing program at the SXU.Referen cesAbout SXU. (2007). Retrieved October 7, 2007, from Sanit Xavier University: http://www.sxu.edu/about/